Marine diesel contains much less sulfur, but is much more expensive. Or the ships could use marine diesel instead of the extremely dirty heavy oil. These separate harmful nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and oxygen and a soot filter retains particulate matter. But what options are available to reduce emissions? There are various possibilities: For example, ships could install catalytic converters, similar to cars. If the ambitious plan is to succeed, a change of thinking will be required. This puts at risk the targets of the Paris Climate Agreement, which specifies limiting global warming to well below two percent. A study by the EU parliament also assumes that by 2050 maritime traffic will be responsible for almost a fifth of global CO 2 emissions. By 2050, air pollution could rise by at least 50 percent in the worst-case scenario, even by up to 250 percent. The problem will get worse if conventional energies continue to be used as in the past. There are health risks – from asthma in children to premature death. The exhaust gases have disastrous consequences for the environment: The world’s climate is changing, the oceans are acidifying. In addition, fewer dangerous nitrogen oxides are emitted. In inland shipping, on the other hand, marine diesel is used as a fuel, which is less harmful than heavy oil when it is combusted. And they consume enormous amounts: Together, the 90,000 ships worldwide burn 370 million tons of fuel each year – and produce 20 million tons of sulfur oxide. Most container and cruise ships, oil tankers, and cargo vessels run on heavy diesel oil.
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